Column pile and method



Aug. 29, 1933. M. BLUMENTHAL COLUMN FILE AND METHOD Filed Feb. 18, 1931NvEgroR a Patented Aug. 29, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 5Claims.

I This invention relates to a column pile, that is, to a pile structurein which a metallic load bearing column is contained within thecustomary metallic load bearing shell, an object of the invention beingto increase the load bearing capacity of the pile.

A further object is to so construct the pile that the metallic loadbearing column contained therein may if desired be extended upwardlythrough the building, to the end that the portion of said columncontained within the pile shell will constitute a positive and highlycilicient anchor for the building.

A further and more detailed object is to provide a pile including ametallic shell and a metallic column therein, said shell and columnbeing arranged to mutually re-inforce each other in the support of theload to be carried.

A further object is to provide a new method to be followed in thedriving of piles.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less specific thanthose referred to above, will be in part obvious and in part pointed outin the course of the following description of the elements,combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principlesconstituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplatedwill be indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing which is to be taken as a part of thisspecification, and in which I have shown merely a preferred form ofembodiment of the invention:--

Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view through a portion of acolumn pile constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the structure seen in Fig. 1.

Figs. 3 to 8 are diagrammatic plan views similar to Fig. 2 illustratingvarious modified arrangements, and

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a portion of abuilding skeleton employing column piles inlaccordance with theprovisions of this invention.

Referring to the drawing for describing in detail the structureillustrated therein, and referring first to the structure Figs. 1 and 2,the reference character L indicates the pile shell. This is of the usualtype now commonly in use, being simply a metallic cylinder ofappropriate thickness and adapted to be driven into the earth.

The reference character G indicates the metallic column which isarranged within the cylinder.

. This column may be of any appropriate cross sectional contour butin-Figs. 1 and 2 is shown as being of H cross section and as havinglongitudinal marginal edge portions flanged over as at 1-1 to conform toand rest against the inner surface of the shell L in such wise that theshell and column will provide a mutual re-inforce one for the other.

The column and shell may be rigidly connected together or not aspreferred, as by electric welding or other suitable bonding means asindicated at .2-2.

In some instances the column G may be driven downwardly into the shellafter the shell has been driven into the earth while in other instancesthe column may be placed either fixedly or loosely within the shell andboth driven into the earth together either with or without. a drivingpoint at the lower end of the shell.

After the shell and column have been driven into the earth the earth,which will be within the interior of the shell in instances where no,driving point has been used, may be removed or not as preferred. If noearth be present, or if removed, the space within the shell may befilled with concrete as H if desired. Theearth or concrete, as the casemay be, may entirely fill the shell to the upper end of the shell, orotherwise, as may be deemed necessary in particular instances.

As above suggested, the column within the shell may be of any crosssectional contour. The particular contour selected, and the thickness ofmaterial used for the shell and for the column, will depend upon earthconditions and the amount of load to be carried by a given pile.

In the modification Fig. 3 an H shaped column similar to that appearingin Fig. 2 is shown, but 9 in addition thereto two auxiliary columns as3-3 are illustrated, arranged within the open space between the oppositelegs of the H.

In Fig. 4 the same H shaped column is illustrated but m this instance itis Suggested that the auxiliary columns as 4-4 may if desired becylindrical instead of U-shaped as in Fig. 3.

In the modification Fig. 5 it is suggested that four separate H-shapedcolumns as 55 may if desired be placed within the shell.

In the modification Fig. 6 it is suggested that two or more cylindricalshell-like colunms as 66 one within the other may be arranged within theshell L if desired. I 105 In Fig. 7 a further modification is suggestedwherein a cylindrical shell-like column as 7 is arranged within theshell L, and. within this column 7 is arranged a plurality of othercolumns as.88, said other columns being here indicated no as of H crosssection.

shell L could if preferred be of any other cross section desired, suchfor instance as the square cross section illustrated in Fig. 8.

The modification Fig. 8 suggests the further idea of making up anH-shaped column from two standard U-beams bolted together.

The column or columns contained within the shell L may be of the samelength as the shell L or not, as desired, and it will be understood thatwherever a filler is present, whether earth, sand or concrete, as H,said filler will always serve to bond together the column, or columns,and the shell so that the column and shell will mutually re-inforce eachother through the medium of said filler even though there may be noactually metallic contact between the column and the shell. This fillerbond will also effectually prevent the likelihood of any longitudinalmovement of either of these elements without the other.

The filler bond H may be utilized as auxiliary to the bond 2 in somecases while in others it may be utilized without the presence of thebond 2, dependent upon the requirements of different buildingundertakings.

The lower ends of the column and shell may be at the same or differentlevels, particularly where the two elements are driven separately inwhich instance the lower end of each will stand at a level dependentupon the point of refusal as will be readily understood.

The upper ends of the column be at the same or different levels,according to different requirements.

If desired the column, or some one member thereof, may be extended abovethe upper end of the shell and may be continued upwardly throughthebuilding as indicated in Fig. 9 as one of the main supporting columns as9-9 of the building, or one member of the pile column may extendpart-way through the building, as at 10, and another member may extendfurther up through the building, as at 11 in Fig. 9.

It is of course not to be supposed that the portion of the column whichextends upwardly above the shell as a building column is necessarily anintegral part of the portion of the column Which'is within the shell.The portion which is within the shell as well as the portion which isabove the shell may be made up of any desired number of longitudinalsections connected together as by tie-plates 12 or otherwise in theusual manner, and these sections may be connected together at differenttime periods according to the dictates of necessity in'this regard.

It will be seen that a pile constructed to include a column as hereindisclosed will possess a very great load supporting value and that allof its parts may be readily driven into the earth without any change inthe position of the driving apparatus, and that the structure providesnot only a highly efiicient load supporting element but also isadmirably adapted to serve as an anchor against wind pressures such aspresent a very serious consideration in the construction of very tallbuildings. These piles may be used in the construction of buildingfoundations, bridge piers, docks, retaining walls, and in many otherrelations where highly efficient piles are d shell may of the shell andcontinues upwardly above the upper end of the shell as a buildingcolumn,

the entire column, and the shell within which its lower portion iscontained may be considered as one continuous metallic pile extendingfrom the tip, or bottom end of the shell or column upwardly to. the topof the building. The different structural parts of the building will beconnected to this pile at different levels' in the length or height ofthe pile and the shell will be anchored firmly within the earth, therebyproviding a structure which will be capable of standing excessive windpressures and which will be to a greater or less extent earthquakeproof.

In some instances it may be desirable to provide angle seats as 13, orothensuitable elements, by which to connect the columns G with theshells L. These angle seats may be fixed rigidly to the columns andsimply rest against the upper edge of the shells, or they may be fixedrigidly to both the columns and the shells, as preferred.

As many changes could be made in this construction without departingfrom the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims, itis intended that all matter contained in the above description, or shownin the accompanying drawing, shall be interpreted as illustrative onlyand not in a limiting sense.

1 As hereinabove suggested it is a feature of this invention to providean improved method to be followed in the sinking of piles. To this endthe invention proposes that in some instances the column or columnswithin the shell may be driven after the shell has been driven. In thiscase the shell will be driven open-ended into the earth so that theearth will well up into the interior of the shell and be confinedtherein in a somewhat compressed condition, and the column or columnswill be driven downwardly into this confined and compressed earththereby further compressing said earth. By following this method thecolumn will be supported not only within the shell but also within abody of confined and highly compressed earth resting squarely andsolidly against the earth beneath the lower end of the pile shell.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A column pile comprising a metallic shell and a metallic columnarranged within the shell, said shell and said column being adapted toconstitute a single load supporting structure, said column continuingupwardly above the upper end of the shell to constitute a supportingcolumn of a building, and a metallic seat member fixed to the column andresting downwardly against the upper end portion of the shell to retainthe column against relative downward movement through the shell.

2. As an article of manufacture, a column pile adapted to be driven intothe earth said column pile consisting of a metallic pile shell and ametallic column, and said column being arranged within the shell infixed engagement with the shell so that said column and shell areadapted to be driven as a unit into the earth and to co-operate witheach other in the support of a load, and said shell being open at itslower end and intended thereby to receive upwardly into' the shell intosupporting relation about the column a portion of the earth into whichthe shell may be driven.

3. A column pile comprising a metallic shell and a metallic columnarranged within the shell, said column being of H cross section andhaving the longitudinal edges of the legs of the H flanged laterally andall d p to rest fiat against adjacent inner surface portions of theshell so that said column thereby fits snugly within said shell inengagement therewith.

4. The herein described method of sinking a load supporting pile, whichmethod consists in.

driving endwise into the earth a hollow open ended pile shell so thatearth into which the shell is driven enters the interior of theshell-through the open lower end of the shell and is confined within theshell, and then driving downwardly into the shell and into the confinedearth a separate load supporting column so that said column will besupported by said confined earth.

5. The herein described method of sinking a load supporting pile, whichmethod consists in driving endwise into the earth a hollow open endedpile shell so that earth into which the shell is driven enters theinterior of the shell through the open lower end 01' the shell and isconfined within the shell, driving downwardly into the shell and intothe confined earth a separate load supporting column into loadsupporting relation in said confined earth, and providing positiveabutment means interengaging between the shell and the column serving totransmit load from the column to the shell and prevent undesirabledownward movement of the column into said confined earth.

' MAURICE BLUMENTHAL.

